Oracle Rman异地恢复数据

# Oracle Rman异地恢复数据
`内有附件提供下载` [【附件】Oracle Database 11g RMAN备份与恢复.zip](/media/attachment/2021/05/Oracle_Database_11g_RMAN备份与恢复.zip)

## rman 的使用
教程:
http://blog.itpub.net/31444259/viewspace-2154382/
https://blog.csdn.net/qq_34556414/article/details/79447432
https://blog.csdn.net/sysu_xiamengyou/article/details/94560504
https://blog.csdn.net/cloud952788/article/details/38582299

```
rman target sys/密码@zhfwdb

backup incremental level 0 database formant  "/home/oracle/backup/rman/BAK_%d/%t/%s/%p" TAG "ZHFWDB_BACKUP"
```

## 异地恢复使用前提
1. 必须与源数据库有相同的目录结构，所以推荐使用标准安装脚本进行安装数据库。
2. 源有几个备份就在目的创建几个备份

## 恢复步骤
1. 创建controlfile 和 spfile备份
```
rman target /
# connected to target database: STREGDB (DBID=3676813819)
RMAN> backup current controlfile format '/oracle/backup/control20160923.bak';
RMAN>  backup spfile format '/oracle/backup/spfile20160923.bak';
```

2. 拷贝备份文件到目的服务器
3. 开始恢复
```sql
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
rman target /
# 与源数据库的dbid一样
RMAN> set dbid 3676813819
RMAN> startup nomount;
RMAN> restore spfile from '/oracle/backup/spfile20160923.bak';
RMAN> startup nomount force;
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/oracle/backup/control20160923.bak'
RMAN> alter database mount;
RMAN> crosscheck backup;
RMAN> delete expired backupset;
RMAN> restore database;
RMAN> exit
sqlplus / as sysdba
# 忽略报错
SQL> recover database using backup controlfile until cancel;
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
```
如果一切正常到此已经恢复完毕了。

## 其它
如果路径不一致，也可以在恢复的时候直接指定相应的路径：
```sql
RMAN>  run
2> {
set newname for datafile  1 to  "/u01/oradata/system01.dbf";
3> 4> set newname for datafile  2 to  "/u01/oradata/sysaux01.dbf";
5> set newname for datafile  3 to  "/u01/oradata/undotbs01.dbf";
6> set newname for datafile  4 to  "/u01/oradata/users01.dbf";
7> restore database;
8> switch datafile all;
9> } 
```